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Articles Computer Operating Systems

Operating system or in English: the operating system or OS is a software system that served to make the control and management of hardware and basic system operations, including the execution of software applications such as word processing programs and web browsers.

In general, the Operating System is the software on the first layer is placed in the computer's memory when the computer is turned on. While other software run after running the Operating System and Operating System will do a common core services for the software. Common core services such as access to the disk, memory management, task scheduling, and user interface. So that each software no longer need to perform the tasks of the common core, because it can be served and carried out by the Operating System. Sections of code that perform tasks common core and is called the "kernel" an Operating System.

Operating systems generally consist of several parts:

    Boot mechanism, which put the kernel into memory kernel, the kernel can be considered as the core of the operating system.
    Shell Command Interpreter or, duty to read the input in the form of commands and provide some standard functions and basic functions that can be called by applications / programs maupub other software. Examples of Shell are: Command Prompt in Windows XP (DOS in Windows 98), XTerm and Konsole on Linux machines (Unix).
    To interact with the hardware drivers while controlling hardware performance.
    Resource Allocator. Operating system responsible for managing and allocating resources of the device.
    Handler. Handler plays a role in controlling the system in order to avoid mistakes (errors) and use unnecessary resources.

Now we will consider the history and development of the Operating System.

According Tanebaum, Operating System had been developed which can be divided into four generations.

    Early generation

Early development of Operating Systems is still done manually in the sense not appear absence Operating System that automatically means the service does not yet support the work that can be done in 1 series.

    Second Generation

In this generation has been the introduction perkejaan to do in the first series or referred to Proccessing Batch System.

    Third Generation

In the third generation, operating system already supports the Multi-User, Multi-System Programming and Proccessing Batch (Multi-Task).

    Fourth Generation

At this time, already diperkenankannya GUI (Graphical User Interface) which means the Operating System has a look and to capitalize mouse, End-Users can run applications / porgram or software.

    Next Generation

In the next generation Operating System was introduced in an Operating System, this is an example of an Operating System berbasikan Websites that work inside an Operating System. And next-generation mobile operating system was introduced (Mobile) on mobile devices such as PDAs, Pocket PCs, and so forth. Also be introduced in the next generation network technology Operating System virtual nature, resulting in 1 1 piece of tissue just installed OS on the device into server duty. In addition, also introduced Cross Platform Operating System that means to combine two different Operating Systems such as Linux and Windows.

Today, almost all people have a PC and Mobile PC. Due to the price factor that is always changing and the human need for automated tools such as: PC, then humans make the PC as the primary requirement. Along with the development of PC technology was made concise in order to be used as automation tool that moves (Can be used anytime, anywhere and by anyone). Examples are moving PC: Laptop, Notebook and netbook, the device also has a third operating system like a PC. And it is time we discuss the existing Operating System on a PC.